Traditionally, big dogs were used as working or guard dogs, which means they're not for the faint-hearted or inexperienced owners. These powerful creatures require proper training and discipline. However, in the right hands, they can make fantastic companions.
15 of the biggest dog breeds
As you might expect, giant dog breeds can reach truly enormous sizes. Some can weigh up to 45 kilograms (99 pounds) and stand up to 82 centimetres (2.7 feet) tall. Breeds such as the Great Dane, St. Bernard, Irish Wolfhound and Newfoundland are classified as giant dogs. Here are a few more, including some native to various regions:
Irish Wolfhound
The Irish Wolfhound is one of the world's tallest dogs, reaching up to 32 inches in length. Originally bred to hunt wolves and used in war, these strong dogs are actually big softies and make fantastic companions.
English Mastiff
The English Mastiff can weigh up to 90 kilograms (200 pounds) and stand 68-89 centimetres (27-35 inches) tall, making it one of the largest breeds. Originally bred for battle, this breed now enjoys the comfort of home and is often found lounging on sofas. Their impressive size and strength also make them well-suited for roles in police, military and security work.
Dogue de Bordeaux
The Dogue de Bordeaux can weigh up to 50 kilograms (110 pounds) and stand tall at 61-66 centimetres (24-26 inches). Known for its distinctive wrinkly face, this breed was originally developed in France in the 12th century for hunting large game, driving cattle and even in wartime. The Dogue de Bordeaux is extremely loyal and affectionate but requires firm and consistent training, as they can be quite stubborn.
Newfoundland
The Newfoundland can stand up to 74 centimetres (29 inches) tall. This powerful breed is known for its sweet temperament and high intelligence. Due to its excellent swimming skills, the Newfoundland is often employed as a lifeguard.
St. Bernard
Besides these dogs having an angelic temperament, the St. Bernard's name originally comes from the Great St. Bernard Hospice, which cared for travellers. Between 1660 and 1670, the monks at the hospice acquired their first St. Bernard, a descendant of mastiff-style Asiatic dogs, to serve as both companions and watchdogs due to their impressive size (71-76 centimetres or 28-30 inches). It soon became evident that these dogs had remarkable search and rescue abilities. The St. Bernard is one of the most beloved large dog breeds today.
Great Dane
Did you know that the Great Dane is a cross between the English Mastiff and the Irish Wolfhound? Standing 76 to 86 centimetres (30 to 34 inches) tall, this German breed was originally used to hunt large game. Despite their imposing size, Great Danes are known for their gentle and playful nature, making them ideal companions in any home.
Leonberg
This enormous ball of fluff is a cross between a Saint Bernard, a Newfoundland and a Pyrenean Mountain Dog. Standing up to 76 centimetres (30 inches) tall, the Leonberg is very intelligent and incredibly strong. Originally bred for tracking and herding, the Leonberg requires firm and consistent training. With the right approach, they make excellent family dogs.
Anatolian Shepherd
Believed to be one of the oldest dog breeds, the Anatolian Shepherd is even mentioned in some of the earliest biblical texts. Standing up to 81 centimetres (32 inches) tall, they have a longer lifespan compared to many large breeds, averaging 13 to 15 years. Highly intelligent and protective, they possess a strong personality and require training from an experienced owner.
Neapolitan Mastiff
The Neapolitan Mastiff, standing up to 79 centimetres (31 inches) tall and weighing up to 70 kilograms (154 pounds), is distinguished by its loose skin and unique appearance. Originally bred in southern Italy to guard homes, this breed thrives in a family setting with plenty of human interaction
Caucasian Shepherd
The Caucasian Shepherd is an active breed that needs ample exercise. It can exceed 76 centimetres (30 inches) in height and was originally used to protect flocks from predators. Stubborn by nature, it suits experienced owners best and needs early socialisation due to its territorial tendencies. With proper training, the Caucasian Shepherd can be a wonderful family companion.
Afghan Hound
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Elegant and standing up to 69 centimetres (27 inches) tall, the Afghan Hound requires regular grooming due to its long, flowing coat. Known for its independent nature, this breed can be challenging to train but is admired for its distinctive appearance and dignified demeanour.
Bernese Mountain dog
The Bernese Mountain Dog is renowned for its friendly nature, though its size and energy levels can be challenging for first-time owners. Standing up to 71 centimetres (28 inches) tall and weighing up to 52 kilograms (115 pounds), these gentle giants make excellent family pets.
Great Pyrenees
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Weighing up to 45 kilograms (100 pounds), the Great Pyrenees is a calm and resilient breed. Thanks to its waterproof double coat, it is able to endure harsh conditions. These dogs are generally very calm, except when they are protecting their flocks.
Belgian Tervuren
The Belgian Tervuren is an intelligent and energetic breed that requires substantial mental and physical stimulation to stay happy. It can reach up to 67 centimetres (26.5 inches) in height and weigh up to 32 kilograms (70 pounds). It is highly alert and observant, making it an excellent watchdog.
Cane Corso
The Cane Corso or Italian Mastiff, is a muscular and imposing breed known for its excellent guarding abilities. Weighing up to 45 kilograms (100 pounds), it is extremely loyal, alert and confident, which can be quite intimidating for intruders.
What is the biggest dog in the Guinness World Records?
A Great Dane named Freddy was crowned the world's tallest dog in 2017 and officially recognised by Guinness World Records. When standing on his hind legs, Freddy measures seven feet three inches, making him taller than the average professional basketball player. Additionally, Freddy set another world record as the oldest Great Dane when he turned eight years old.
What is the personality of a big dog?
Big dogs are incredibly friendly and thrive on being surrounded by their family. While individual temperaments vary by breed, most large dogs integrate well into family life. Often unaware of their own size, they might try to squeeze into small spaces just to be near their loved ones. These gentle giants can appear a bit goofy but are highly intelligent and easy to train. Due to their protective nature, especially towards children, they handle noisy kids well and enjoy human company immensely. Big dogs also love receiving hugs. Their size generally makes them less fearful of humans, resulting in a friendly, curious and approachable nature, though they might occasionally seem intimidating.
What health problems can big dog breeds have?
Big dogs generally have shorter lifespans compared to smaller breeds, often living around eight years due to their higher susceptibility to terminal illnesses and potential genetic predispositions. The exact causes of this reduced lifespan are not fully understood, but factors may include rapid physical growth or congenital defects.
Here are five common illnesses that affect large breeds:
- Cardiomyopathy: Dilated cardiomyopathy is a degenerative heart disease prevalent in large dogs, causing heavy and rapid breathing
- Arthritis: Large dogs often develop arthritis due to their rapid growth. Symptoms include stiff joints, affecting mobility and causing pain when moving
- Cervical Spondylomyelopathy: Also known as "Wobbler Syndrome," this condition affects a dog's gait and is linked to spinal issues
- Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus (GDV): This serious stomach disorder involves the stomach twisting, which can cut off blood supply and lead to death if untreated. Large breeds' deep chests may contribute to this condition
- Hypothyroidism: This occurs due to insufficient thyroid hormone, leading to symptoms like bradycardia (slow heartbeat), lethargy, hair loss, weight gain and skin infections
These diseases often result from genetic malformations. Treatments typically focus on managing symptoms and preventing disease progression. It's important to consult your veterinarian about these conditions for appropriate care and management.
Giant dog breeds life expectancy
Sadly, many giant dog breeds have shorter lifespans compared to smaller ones. For example, a 150-pound Great Dane typically lives around seven years, while a 9-pound poodle may live up to twice as long. Experts believe that larger breeds age faster and experience age-related symptoms sooner. Research shows that a dog's life expectancy decreases by one month for every additional 2 kilograms (4.4 pounds) of body weight. However, there are some exceptions to this trend.
Are big dogs aggressive?
Unfortunately, some large dog breeds have developed a reputation for aggression. Their imposing size and bold appearance can contribute to this perception. However, much of this aggression is due to inadequate training and socialisation. Proper training is essential for ensuring a well-adjusted and safe dog, regardless of size. Given the power and size of giant breeds, owning one entails additional responsibility. Many of these breeds are even employed by police and military services around the world. While owning a giant dog breed can be highly rewarding, it requires commitment and effort.
Why should I choose a big dog?
Despite their size, many giant dogs are affectionate and wonderful companions. They're ideal for active families and can be natural protectors. If you're prepared for the responsibility, a big dog can be a loving and loyal addition to your house. But remember, giant dog breeds come with their own set of unique characteristics and care requirements. These dogs offer diverse traits and personalities, from the elegant Afghan Hound with its long coat to the hardworking Belgian Tervuren. The length of their lifespan, weight and effort required in grooming will all vary, but with dedication and proper attention, these dogs can thrive in your garden, house or wherever they call home.
So, if you've never even owned a dog, going large may not be the right way to start. However, if you're determined to get a big dog, do plenty of research on the breed you're interested in to ensure it's the perfect fit for you, your family and the dog.
