Researchers analysed nearly 500 tumours in domestic cats across several countries. They studied the tumour DNA to identify genetic mutations already known in human oncology.
A shared mutation in cats and humans
One of the most striking findings was that over half of the feline mammary carcinomas showed a mutation in the FBXW7 gene. In women, this mutation is rare, but when present, it is associated with an aggressive form of breast cancer.
Scientists found that the biological behaviour of these tumours in cats is very similar to that observed in humans. This makes the cat an interesting natural model for studying this specific form of cancer.
Why are cats a good medical model?
Unlike experimental models such as mice, cats develop cancer spontaneously and live in the same environment as humans. They are exposed to the same environmental factors, like pollution and smoke, and can also have other associated diseases.
The researchers also noted that certain already-approved chemotherapy treatments appeared to be effective against feline tumours carrying this mutation. While these findings still need to be confirmed, they could benefit both cats and human patients.
Win-win research
The idea is based on a comparative approach. A better understanding of tumour mechanisms in cats could help to more quickly develop or test targeted treatments for rare and aggressive forms of breast cancer in humans.
Studying cancer in both species could therefore advance both veterinary and human medicine at the same time.
