Anyone who enjoys the privilege of life spent alongside a canine companion is aware of the potential for internal and external parasites. Whether it's fleas, ticks or worms, most of us have had to deal with an unwelcome visitor from time to time.
While preventative planning is essential in keeping your dog feeling their best, there are times when internal parasites still find a way in. Here's what you need to know.
Why are there worms in my dog's vomit?
Witnessing your dog vomiting can be very scary. And even more so if you notice a worm in the dog vomit itself.
So what does this mean for your dog's overall health?
Firstly, it's important to note that a worm would usually only appear in a dog's vomit, if there is a particularly heavy worm load, or an obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract. Both things can result in vomiting and diarrhea.
Other symptoms may include:
- Lethargy
- Weight loss
- Coughing
- Scooting
- Change in appetite
Dogs are most commonly affected by two main types of worm, the roundworm and the tapeworm.
Tapeworms live in the small intestine of the dog, and they have sharp mouths that enable them to hook on. Fleas are the most common source of infection, if ingested by the dog while itching or biting at their fur. The most common form of tapeworm is Dipylidium caninum, which cannot be passed on to humans.
A heavy tapeworm load in adult dogs is rare, with this more commonly affecting very young puppies. Puppies affected by tapeworms may suffer from anaemia and stunted growth.
Roundworms are thought to be the most common intestinal parasite found in puppies. They can be divided into Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina. If you notice a round, white or light brown worm in the vomit, this is most likely a roundworm.
A puppy infected with roundworm may have a pot-bellied appearance, and they may show signs through vomiting or diarrhea.
Roundworms can be passed on to puppies by their mother, through their milk. Dogs can also become infected by ingesting small animals, such as birds and rodents that carry the parasites inside them.
Adult roundworms usually reside in the intestines of the animal, but the larvae can also be problematic for our canine companions. Roundworm eggs may be passed in the faeces of an infected animal, and later ingested, which means the cycle is ongoing.
To help protect your pet from infection, it's important to keep the environment clear of any dog faeces, taking care to also remove the remains of any wildlife you find in the area.
What should I do if my dog throws up worms?
It's normal to feel concerned when you spot a worm in your dog's vomit. But rest assured, there are treatments available.
To ensure the right medication is given, your vet will need to work out what type of worm has infected your dog.
Start by taking a deep breath. Then, when you feel ready, place the worm on a damp piece of cotton wool and place this in a bag. Your vet will examine it, before putting together a treatment plan.
How can I prevent my dog from throwing up worms?
When it comes to internal parasites, prevention is better than cure.
The best way to ensure your dog doesn't throw up worms, is to use regular flea and worm treatment, as prescribed by your veterinarian.
They may suggest treating a puppy for roundworm, which is then followed by regular tapeworm treatment at all the usual intervals, to ensure any roundworm larvae are killed as early as possible.
Can I catch roundworm from my dog?
The roundworms that affect dogs are not able to complete a full life cycle in humans, but they can make us very unwell. Because this risk of transmission to humans does exist, it's always advisable to keep areas clean from animal faeces of any kind, disinfect bowls, wash your hands regularly - and of course - to treat your dog for internal parasites as recommended by your veterinarian.
Discovering worms in your dog's vomit can be very alarming, but try to remember that with a correct diagnosis and proper treatment, your four-legged friend can make a full recovery.
A regular de-worming schedule and periodic check-ups will go a long way in minimising the risk to you and your pets.
