Hi! I have a 4-year-old Persian who's been an indoor cat his whole life.
He's got a whole box filled with feather wands, and toy mice. I play with him for at least 15 minutes every day. I try to buy him a new toy every couple of months too, to keep play sessions interesting.
He has a cat tree and I also installed platforms on my walls so he has extra space to climb on. He's got a few scratching posts throughout the apartment and I've also installed perches for him near the windows so he can look outside.
I bought a few food puzzles that I set up for him to keep him busy, especially when I leave him alone in the house. But to be honest, cats are easily entertained. Sometimes I save cardboard boxes or toilet paper rolls for him to play with. Sometimes I'll also hide treats around the house for him to find.
I downloaded a cat app on my phone where the screen shows moving fish or mice. Sometimes when I'm cooking, I'll set him up with this app and he LOVES it. Kind of like a toddler in front of the TV haha.
I try to spend quality time with him before I go to bed every single day. Whether it's a cuddle on the sofa or a nice brushing session, spending interactive time together also helps to keep your cat mentally stimulated.
From the time I've had him, I started leash training, so I occasionally take him for short walks around my residence. I also do a little clicker training at home (he knows come, sit, paw!).
I also set up a net for him on my balcony so I can let him out without him being in any danger.
I hope this has given you a few ideas! Best of luck!